“”*””ACTIVE AND PASSIVE TENSES””*””
1) SIMPLE PRESENT and SIMPLE PAST
<=> The active object becomes the passive subject.
=> am/is/are + past participle
=> was/were + past participle
A) Active: Simple Present
The movie fascinates me.
The movie bores Jack.
The movie surprises them.
Passive: Simple Present
I am fascinated by the movie.
Jack is bored by the movie.
They are surprised by the movie.
B) Active: Simple Past
The movie bored me.
The movie fascinated Jack.
The movie surprised them.
Passive: Simple Past
I was bored by the movie.
Jack was fascinated by the movie.
They were surprised by the movie.
2) PRESENT and PAST CONTINUOUS (PROGRESSIVE)
Passive form:
=> am/is/are + being + past participle
=> was/were + being + past participle
A) Active: Present Continuous
I am helping Shannon.
June is helping Su and Ling.
Passive: Present Continuous
Shannon is being helped by me.
Su and Lingare being helped by June.
B) Active: Past Continuous
I was cleaning the bathroom.
They were cleaning the bedroom.
Susan was cleaning the kitchen and patio.
Passive: Past Continuous
The bathroom was being cleaned by me.
The bedroom was being cleaned by them.
The kitchen and patio were being cleaned by Susan.
3) PRESENT PERFECT, PAST PERFECT and FUTURE PERFECT
Passive form:
=> have/has been + past participle
=> had been + past participle
A) Active: Present Perfect
I have mailed the gift.
Jack has mailed the gifts.
Passive: Present Perfect
The gift has been mailed by me.
The gifts have been mailed by Jack.
B) Active: Past Perfect
Steven Spielberg had directed the movie.
Penny Marshall had directed those movies.
Passive: Past Perfect
The movie had been directed by Steven Spielberg.
The movies had been directed by Penny Marshall.
C) Active: Future Perfect
John will have finished the project next month.
They will have finished the projects before then.
Passive: Future Perfect
The project will have been finished by next month.
The projects will have been finished before then.
4) FUTURE TENSES
Passive forms:
=> will + be + past participle
=> is/are going to be + past participle
A) Active: Future with WILL
I will mail the gift.
Jack will mail the gifts.
Passive: Future with WILL
The gift will be mailed by me.
The gifts will be mailed by Jack.
B) Active: Future with GOING TO
I am going to make the cake.
Sue is going to make two cakes.
Passive: Future with GOING TO
The cake is going to be made by me.
Two cakes are going to be made by Sue.
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