➡ Challenging Words from the Article 19-02-2019
1. Word: Agnostic (संशयवादी )
Pronunciation: ag-nos-tik/ ऐग्नास्टिक
Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective
Meaning:
a. a person who believes that nothing is known or can be known of the existence or nature of God. [Noun]
b. relating to agnostics or agnosticism. [Adjective]
Synonyms: faithless, sceptic, dubious, unbelieving
Antonyms: believer, devout, adherent
Usage in a Sentence: These notices are sometimes the only way the agnostic or the non-church member can find of expressing their grief.
2. Word: Persist (डटे रहना)
Pronunciation: per-sist, -zist/ पर्सिस्ट
Part of Speech: Verb
Meaning: continue in an opinion or course of action in spite of difficulty or opposition
Synonyms: continue, persevere, endure
Antonyms: quit, stop, discontinue
Usage in a Sentence: Strength shows, not only in the ability to persist, but the ability to start over.
3. Word: Proxy (प्रतिनिधि)
Pronunciation: prok-see/ प्राक्सी
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning:
a. the authority to represent someone else, especially in voting.
b. a figure that can be used to represent the value of something in a calculation.
Synonyms: substitute, alternate
Antonyms: Original
Usage in a Sentence: Your proxy will need to sign the form on your behalf.
4. Word: Impunity (दण्ड से मुक्ति)
Pronunciation: im-pyoo-ni-tee/ इम्प्यूनिटी
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: Exemption from punishment or freedom from the injurious consequences of an action.
Synonyms: Exemption, Rescue, Salvation
Antonyms: Custody, Committal, Bonding
Usage in a Sentence: I am surprised by the fact the man who kidnapped his wife was allowed to walk away with impunity!
5. Word: Deterrence (निवारण)
Pronunciation: dih-tur-uh ns/ डिटरन्स
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: the action of discouraging an action or event through instilling doubt or fear of the consequences.
Synonyms: obstruction, prevention, hindrance
Antonyms: motivator, incentive, encouragement
Usage in a Sentence: Nuclear deterrence becomes nuclear holocaust when local wars get out of hand.
6. Word: Thwart (व्यर्थ कर देना)
Pronunciation: thwawrt/ थ्वॉर्ट
Part of Speech: Verb
Meaning:
a. prevent (someone) from accomplishing something.
b. oppose (a plan, attempt, or ambition) successfully.
Synonyms: foil, frustrate, disappoint
Antonyms: assist, facilitate
Usage in a Sentence: As per the perfect planning, Meera knows that nobody can thwart her plans.
7. Word: Coercive (बलपूर्वक)
Pronunciation: co-ar-cive/ कोअर्सिव
Part of Speech: Adjective
Meaning:
a. relating to or using force or threats.
Synonyms: authoritarian, imperious, high-handed.
Antonyms: conditional ,constitutional ,discretionary
Usage in a Sentence: The president relied on the coercive powers of the military.
8. Word: Massing ( प्रभावान्विति)
Pronunciation: mas- sing/ मैसिंग
Part of Speech: Verb
Meaning: assembling or causing to assemble into a single body or mass
Synonyms: bunching, crowding, clustering, huddling
Antonyms: dashing, dispersing, dropping
Usage in a Sentence: Western reports say that troops have been massing in the region since December.
9. Word: Constraint (अवरोध)
Pronunciation: kuhn-streynt/ कन्स्ट्रेन्ट
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: a limitation or restriction
Synonyms: restraint, coercion, pressure, compulsion, control
Antonyms: democracy, permission, madness
Usage in a Sentence: A similar constraint is visible in the monetary growth rates of all the advanced industrial countries.
10. Word: Escalation (तेजी)
Pronunciation: es-kuh-le-sion/ एस्कलैशन
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning:
a. a rapid increase; a rise.
b. an increase in the intensity or seriousness of something; an intensification.
Synonyms: increase, elevation
Antonyms: reduction, decrease
Usage in Sentence: A further escalation of the change now seems determined.
11. Word: Revel (आमोद-प्रमोद)
Pronunciation: rev-uhl/ रेवल
Part of Speech: Verb, Noun
Meaning:
a. enjoy oneself in a lively and noisy way, especially with drinking and dancing. [Verb]
b. lively and noisy enjoyment, especially with drinking and dancing. [Noun]
Synonyms: carouse, frolic, celebrate, rejoice, delight
Antonyms: grieve, dislike, hate, regret
Usage in a Sentence: Some will revelin having more time for themselves; others will feel lost.
12. Word: Brink (कगार)
Pronunciation: bringk/ ब्रिंगक
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: a point at which something is about to happen; the verge.
Synonyms: border, boundary, edge
Antonyms: middle, centre, inside
Usage in a Sentence: Researchers are on the brink of making a new discovery.
13. Phrase: Break out (भाग निकलना)
Pronunciation: breyk- out/ ब्रेक आउट
Part of Speech: Phrasal Verb, Noun, Adjective
Meaning:
a. (of war, fighting, or similarly undesirable things) start suddenly. [Phrasal Verb]
b. escape [Phrasal Verb]
c. a forcible escape, especially from prison [Noun]
d. suddenly and extremely popular or successful. [Adjective]
Synonyms: burst out, erupt, explode, escape
Antonyms: conclude, complete, end, finish
Usage in a Sentence: If her marriage becomes too restrictive, she will break out and seek new horizons.
14. Word: Nudge (टहोका मारना)
Part of Speech: Verb, Noun
Pronunciation: nuhj/ नज
Meaning:
a. prod (someone) gently with one’s elbow in order to attract attention. [Verb]
b. a light touch or push. [Noun]
Synonyms: push, poke
Antonyms: discourage, dissuade
Usage in a Sentence: I gave him a nudge to wake him up.
15. Word: Calibration (अंशशोधन)
Pronunciation: kal-uh-breyt/ कैलब्रैशन
Part of Speech: Noun
Meaning: the action or process of calibrating (adjusting) something.
Synonyms: adjustment, graduation, regulation, measure
Antonyms: unimportance, ignorance
Usage in a Sentence: But as soon as they had completed their calibration, Williams and Jeanloz began squeezing samples of iron in the diamond anvil.
16. Phrase: Shore up (मजबूत करना)
Pronunciation: shohr uhp/ शोरे उप
Part of Speech: Idiom
Meaning: To give someone or something robust support in the face of difficulty or to prevent potential failure
Synonyms: support, brace, reinforce
Antonyms: abstain, cancel, cease
Usage in Sentence: They had to shore up the damaged wall.